#!/bin/bash
# openrefine-bash-curl.sh, Felix Lohmeier, v0.1, 2020-06-29
# How to control OpenRefine 3.3+ with cURL (and jq) in Bash scripts
# https://gist.github.com/felixlohmeier/d76bd27fbc4b8ab6d683822cdf61f81d
# tested on Linux (Fedora 33), needs to be adapted to work on macOS

# make script executable from another directory
cd "$(dirname "${0}")" || exit 1

# ============================= CONFIG ======================================= #

# config
port="3333"
endpoint="http://localhost:${port}"
memory="1400M"
date="$(date +%Y%m%d_%H%M%S)"
workspace="${date}"

# ============================= INSTALL ====================================== #

# check requirement java
JAVA="$(command -v java 2> /dev/null)"
if [[ -z "${JAVA}" ]] ; then
  echo 1>&2 "ERROR: OpenRefine requires JAVA runtime environment (jre)" \
    "https://openjdk.java.net/install/"
  exit 1
fi

# check requirement cURL
CURL="$(command -v curl 2> /dev/null)"
if [[ -z "${CURL}" ]] ; then
  echo 1>&2 "ERROR: This shell script requires cURL" \
            "https://curl.haxx.se/download.html"
  exit 1
fi

# install jq 1.4 (faster startup time than 1.5 and 1.6) in this directory
if [[ ! -f "jq" ]]; then
  echo "Download jq..."
  curl -L --output "jq" \
    "https://github.com/stedolan/jq/releases/download/jq-1.4/jq-linux-x86_64"
  chmod +x "jq"
  echo
fi
jq="$(readlink -f jq)"

# install OpenRefine 3.3 in subdirectory openrefine
openrefine_url="https://github.com/OpenRefine/OpenRefine/releases/download/3.3/openrefine-linux-3.3.tar.gz"
if [[ ! -d "openrefine" ]]; then
  echo "Download OpenRefine..."
  mkdir -p "openrefine"
  curl -L --output "$(basename ${openrefine_url})" "${openrefine_url}"
  echo "Install OpenRefine in subdirectory openrefine..."
  tar -xzf "$(basename ${openrefine_url})" -C openrefine --strip 1 --totals
  rm -f "$(basename ${openrefine_url})"
  # do not try to open OpenRefine in browser
  sed -i '$ a JAVA_OPTIONS=-Drefine.headless=true' \
    openrefine/refine.ini
  # set autosave period from 5 minutes to 25 hours
  sed -i 's/#REFINE_AUTOSAVE_PERIOD=60/REFINE_AUTOSAVE_PERIOD=1500/' \
    openrefine/refine.ini
  # set min java heap space to allocated memory
  sed -i 's/-Xms$REFINE_MIN_MEMORY/-Xms$REFINE_MEMORY/' \
    openrefine/refine
  echo
fi
openrefine="$(readlink -f openrefine/refine)"

# ============================ ENVIRONMENT =================================== #

# wait for user input after each step
function pause(){
  read -r -s -n 1 -p "Press any key to continue..."
  echo; echo
}

# safe cleanup handler
function cleanup(){
  # SIGKILL (kill -9) prevents saving OpenRefine projects
  { kill -9 "${pid_server}" && wait "${pid_server}"; } 2>/dev/null
}
trap "cleanup;exit 1" SIGHUP SIGINT SIGQUIT SIGTERM

# create workspace
mkdir -p "${workspace}"

# simple logging
exec &> >(tee -a "${workspace}/${date}.log")

# =========================== START SERVER =================================== #

# start OpenRefine server
echo "start OpenRefine server..."
${openrefine} -v warn -m "${memory}" -p "${port}" -d "${workspace}" &
pid_server=${!}
timeout 30s bash -c "until curl -s \"${endpoint}\" \
  | cat | grep -q -o 'OpenRefine' ; do sleep 1; done" \
  || { echo 1>&2 "ERROR: starting OpenRefine server failed!"; cleanup; exit 1; }
echo

pause

# =========================== CSRF TOKEN ===================================== #

# get CSRF token (introduced in OpenRefine 3.3)
function csrf(){
  response=$(curl -fsS "${endpoint}/command/core/get-csrf-token")
  if [[ "${response}" != '{"token":"'* ]]; then
    echo 1>&2 "ERROR: getting CSRF token failed!"; cleanup; exit 1
  else
    csrf=$(echo "$response" | cut -d \" -f 4)
  fi
}

# ============================= IMPORT ======================================= #

# create example data from heredoc and store project id from response
echo "import example data..."
response=$(csrf; curl -fsS --write-out "%{redirect_url}\n" \
  --form project-file="@-;filename=example1.csv" \
  --form project-name="example1" \
  --form format="text/line-based/*sv" \
  "${endpoint}/command/core/create-project-from-upload?csrf_token=${csrf}" \
  << "DATA"
a,b,c
1,2,3
0,0,0
$,\,'
DATA
  ) && p1=$(echo "$response" | cut -d '=' -f 2)
# error handling: exit if import failed
if [[ "${#p1}" != 13 ]]; then
  echo 1>&2 "$response"; cleanup; exit 1
fi
echo

pause

# create another project from file
echo "import example data from file..."
cat << DATA > "${workspace}/test.csv"
z,x,y
3,2,1
0,0,0
DATA
response=$(csrf; curl -fsS --write-out "%{redirect_url}\n" \
  --form project-file="@${workspace}/test.csv" \
  --form project-name="example2" \
  --form format="text/line-based/*sv" \
  "${endpoint}/command/core/create-project-from-upload?csrf_token=${csrf}") \
  && p2=$(echo "$response" | cut -d '=' -f 2)
if [[ "${#p2}" != 13 ]]; then
  echo 1>&2 "$response"; cleanup; exit 1
fi
echo

pause

# ============================ TRANSFORM ===================================== #

# export to stdout
echo "export data..."
curl -fsS \
  --data project="${p1}" \
  --data format="tsv" \
  "${endpoint}/command/core/export-rows" \
  || { cleanup; exit 1; }
echo

pause

# apply operation from quoted heredoc
echo "add column test..."
csrf; curl -fsS \
  --data-urlencode "operations@-" \
  "${endpoint}/command/core/apply-operations?project=${p1}&csrf_token=${csrf}" \
  << "JSON" || { cleanup; exit 1; }
[
  {
    "op": "core/column-addition",
    "engineConfig": {
      "mode": "row-based"
    },
    "newColumnName": "test",
    "columnInsertIndex": 2,
    "baseColumnName": "b",
    "expression": "grel:value.replace('2','FOO')",
    "onError": "set-to-blank"
  }
]
JSON
echo; echo

pause

# export to stdout
echo "export data (again)..."
curl -fsS \
  --data project="${p1}" \
  --data format="tsv" \
  "${endpoint}/command/core/export-rows" \
  || { cleanup; exit 1; }
echo

pause

# apply operation from unquoted heredoc (allows using bash variables)
echo "add column test2..."
new_column="test2"
base_column="b"
replace_value="BAR"
csrf; curl -fsS \
  --data-urlencode "operations@-" \
  "${endpoint}/command/core/apply-operations?project=${p1}&csrf_token=${csrf}" \
  << JSON || { cleanup; exit 1; }
[
  {
    "op": "core/column-addition",
    "engineConfig": {
      "mode": "row-based"
    },
    "newColumnName": "${new_column}",
    "columnInsertIndex": 3,
    "baseColumnName": "${base_column}",
    "expression": "grel:value.replace('2','${replace_value}')",
    "onError": "set-to-blank"
  }
]
JSON
echo; echo

pause

# apply operation from unquoted heredoc with multi-line expression (requires jq)
echo "add column test3..."
replace_value="!"
read -r -d '' expression <<- EXPR
  grel:value.replace(
    '2',
    '${replace_value}'
  )
EXPR
csrf; curl -fsS \
  --data-urlencode "operations@-" \
  "${endpoint}/command/core/apply-operations?project=${p1}&csrf_token=${csrf}" \
  <<- JSON || { cleanup; exit 1; }
  [
    {
      "op": "core/column-addition",
      "engineConfig": {
        "mode": "row-based"
      },
      "newColumnName": "test3",
      "columnInsertIndex": 4,
      "baseColumnName": "b",
      "expression": $(echo "${expression}" | ${jq} -s -R '.'),
      "onError": "set-to-blank"
    }
  ]
JSON
echo; echo

pause

# export to stdout
echo "export data (again)..."
curl -fsS \
  --data project="${p1}" \
  --data format="tsv" \
  "${endpoint}/command/core/export-rows" \
  || { cleanup; exit 1; }
echo

pause

# apply multiple operations generated on-the-fly (requires jq)
echo "delete columns..."
columns=( "test" "test2" )
payload=()
for column in "${columns[@]}"; do
  payload+=( "$(cat <<- JSON
  [
    {
      "op": "core/column-removal",
      "columnName": "${column}"
    }
  ]
JSON
  )" )
done
csrf; echo "${payload[@]}" | "${jq}" -s add | curl -fsS \
  --data-urlencode operations@- \
  "${endpoint}/command/core/apply-operations?project=${p1}&csrf_token=${csrf}" \
  || { cleanup; exit 1; }
echo; echo

pause

# ============================== EXPORT ====================================== #

# export to stdout
echo "export data..."
curl -fsS \
  --data project="${p1}" \
  --data format="tsv" \
  "${endpoint}/command/core/export-rows" \
  || { cleanup; exit 1; }
echo

pause

# export to stdout
echo "export data..."
curl -fsS \
  --data project="${p2}" \
  --data format="tsv" \
  "${endpoint}/command/core/export-rows" \
  || { cleanup; exit 1; }
echo

pause

# export projects to files (example for parallel execution)
echo "export to files..."
projects=( "${p1}" "${p2}" )
pid=()
for project in "${projects[@]}"; do
  echo "export project ${project} to file ${workspace}/${project}.tsv"
  curl -fs \
    --data project="${project}" \
    --data format="tsv" \
    "${endpoint}/command/core/export-rows" \
    > "${workspace}/${project}.tsv" &
  pid+=("$!")
done
for i in "${!projects[@]}"; do 
  wait "${pid[$i]}" \
  || { echo 1>&2 "ERROR: export of ${projects[$i]} failed!"; cleanup; exit 1; }
done
echo

pause

# ============================= METADATA ===================================== #

# get metadata (requires jq)
echo "show metadata for project ${p2}"
curl -fsS \
  "${endpoint}/command/core/get-project-metadata?project=${p2}" \
  | "${jq}" "{ id: ${p1} } + ." \
  || { cleanup; exit 1; }
echo

pause

# get history (requires jq)
echo "save operations history for project ${p1}" \
  "to file ${workspace}/${p1}_history.json"
curl -fsS \
  "${endpoint}/command/core/get-operations?project=${p1}" \
  | "${jq}" '[ .entries[] | .operation ]' \
  > "${workspace}/${p1}_history.json" \
  || { cleanup; exit 1; }
echo

pause

# =========================== STOP SERVER ==================================== #

# show allocated system resources
echo "show system resources..."
ps -o start,etime,%mem,%cpu,rss -p "${pid_server}"
echo

pause

# stop OpenRefine server without saving projects to workspace
echo "stop OpenRefine server..."
cleanup
echo

pause

# grep log for server exceptions
echo "check log for any warnings..."
grep -i 'exception\|error' "${workspace}/${date}.log" \
  && exit 1 || echo "no warnings, all good!" && exit 0