diff --git a/kapitel-3/35-verarbeitung-von-marc21-mit-openrefine.md b/kapitel-3/35-verarbeitung-von-marc21-mit-openrefine.md
index c677430..e8764ee 100644
--- a/kapitel-3/35-verarbeitung-von-marc21-mit-openrefine.md
+++ b/kapitel-3/35-verarbeitung-von-marc21-mit-openrefine.md
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ Wenn Sie sich auf Basis der Empfehlung der LoC, der Statistik und Stichproben f
 2. Ausgewählte Daten aus Spalte `content` mit der Funktion `add column based on column...` in eine neue "Dublin Core"-Spalte kopieren \(Name der Spalte ist das Dublin-Core-Feld\).
 3. Bei Bedarf die Daten in der neuen Spalte mit Transformationen bearbeiten, um z.B. Trennzeichen einzufügen.
 4. Zusammengehörige Werte \(z.B. Person und ihre Lebensdaten\) in der neuen Spalte mit der Funktion `join multi-valued cells` zusammenführen. Damit nicht zuviel \(z.B. mehrere Personen\) zusammengeführt werden, muss dabei die Spalte `index` vorne stehen.
-5. Abschließend dann noch einmal mit der Funktion `join multi-valued cells` und dem bekannten Trennzeichen `␟` die Daten in einer Zeile pro Datensatz zusammenführen. Hierzu muss dann die Spalte `id` vorne stehen.
+5. Abschließend dann noch einmal mit der Funktion `join multi-valued cells` und dem bekannten Trennzeichen `␟` die Daten in einer Zeile pro Datensatz zusammenführen. Hierzu muss dann die Spalte `id` vorne stehen. Um die Performance zu verbessern, kann alternativ auch die Transformation `row.record.cells["Name der Spalte"].value.join("␟")` (zusammen mit einer Facette "by blank" mit Wert `false` auf die Spalte `id`) auf die neuen Spalten angewendet werden.
 
 Beispiel für "Autor/in" \(MARC21 `100a,D,d,e` auf Dublin Core `dc:creator`\):
 
@@ -144,7 +144,8 @@ Beispiel für "Autor/in" \(MARC21 `100a,D,d,e` auf Dublin Core `dc:creator`\):
    * Spalte `creator` / Edit cells / Join multi-valued cells... / Separator: ` ` \(Leerzeichen\)
 5. Abschließend die Daten in einer Zeile pro Datensatz zusammenführen
    * Spalte `id` / Edit column / Move column to beginning
-   * Spalte `creator` / Edit cells / Join multi-valued cells... / Separator: `␟` \(Unit Separator\) 
+   * Spalte `id` / Facet / Customized facets / Facet by blank... / Wert `false` auswählen
+   * Spalte `creator` / Edit cells / Transform... / Expression: `row.record.cells["creator"].value.join("␟")`
 6. Ergebnis prüfen und ggf. nachbessern
    * Spalte `creator` / Facet / Text facet
    * Spalte `creator` / Edit cells / Cluster and edit... / Method: nearest neighbor
diff --git a/losungen.md b/losungen.md
index 4043894..51de9d4 100644
--- a/losungen.md
+++ b/losungen.md
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ curl "http://oai.swissbib.ch/oai/DB=2.1?verb=ListRecords&metadataPrefix=m21-xml%
 
 JSON-Datei mit Transformationsregeln für ein Mapping von MARC21 auf Dublin Core: [openrefine-marc2dc.json](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/felixlohmeier/kurs-bibliotheks-und-archivinformatik/master/openrefine/openrefine-marc2dc.json)
 
-Ergebnis als TSV-Datei: [openrefine/einstein-nebis\_2017-11-02.tsv](https://github.com/felixlohmeier/kurs-bibliotheks-und-archivinformatik/raw/master/openrefine/einstein-nebis_2017-11-02.tsv)
+Ergebnis als TSV-Datei: [openrefine/einstein-nebis\_2017-11-02.tsv](https://github.com/felixlohmeier/kurs-bibliotheks-und-archivinformatik/raw/master/openrefine/einstein-nebis_2017-11-02.tsv) (speichern Sie Datei zur Verwendung in Kapitel 4 als `einstein.tsv` im Ordner `Downloads`)
 
 Folgende Mappings wurden darin exemplarisch umgesetzt:
 
diff --git a/openrefine/openrefine-marc2dc.json b/openrefine/openrefine-marc2dc.json
index 6ac1c34..1d85842 100644
--- a/openrefine/openrefine-marc2dc.json
+++ b/openrefine/openrefine-marc2dc.json
@@ -245,11 +245,37 @@
     "index": 0
   },
   {
-    "op": "core/multivalued-cell-join",
-    "description": "Join multi-valued cells in column creator",
+    "op": "core/text-transform",
+    "description": "Text transform on cells in column creator using expression grel:row.record.cells[\"creator\"].value.join(\"␟\")",
+    "engineConfig": {
+      "mode": "row-based",
+      "facets": [
+        {
+          "omitError": false,
+          "expression": "isBlank(value)",
+          "selectBlank": false,
+          "selection": [
+            {
+              "v": {
+                "v": false,
+                "l": "false"
+              }
+            }
+          ],
+          "selectError": false,
+          "invert": false,
+          "name": "id",
+          "omitBlank": false,
+          "type": "list",
+          "columnName": "id"
+        }
+      ]
+    },
     "columnName": "creator",
-    "keyColumnName": "id",
-    "separator": "␟"
+    "expression": "grel:row.record.cells[\"creator\"].value.join(\"␟\")",
+    "onError": "keep-original",
+    "repeat": false,
+    "repeatCount": 10
   },
   {
     "op": "core/column-addition",
@@ -381,11 +407,37 @@
     "index": 0
   },
   {
-    "op": "core/multivalued-cell-join",
-    "description": "Join multi-valued cells in column title",
+    "op": "core/text-transform",
+    "description": "Text transform on cells in column title using expression grel:row.record.cells[\"title\"].value.join(\"␟\")",
+    "engineConfig": {
+      "mode": "row-based",
+      "facets": [
+        {
+          "omitError": false,
+          "expression": "isBlank(value)",
+          "selectBlank": false,
+          "selection": [
+            {
+              "v": {
+                "v": false,
+                "l": "false"
+              }
+            }
+          ],
+          "selectError": false,
+          "invert": false,
+          "name": "id",
+          "omitBlank": false,
+          "type": "list",
+          "columnName": "id"
+        }
+      ]
+    },
     "columnName": "title",
-    "keyColumnName": "id",
-    "separator": "␟"
+    "expression": "grel:row.record.cells[\"title\"].value.join(\"␟\")",
+    "onError": "keep-original",
+    "repeat": false,
+    "repeatCount": 10
   },
   {
     "op": "core/column-addition",
@@ -645,11 +697,37 @@
     "index": 0
   },
   {
-    "op": "core/multivalued-cell-join",
-    "description": "Join multi-valued cells in column contributor",
+    "op": "core/text-transform",
+    "description": "Text transform on cells in column contributor using expression grel:row.record.cells[\"contributor\"].value.join(\"␟\")",
+    "engineConfig": {
+      "mode": "row-based",
+      "facets": [
+        {
+          "omitError": false,
+          "expression": "isBlank(value)",
+          "selectBlank": false,
+          "selection": [
+            {
+              "v": {
+                "v": false,
+                "l": "false"
+              }
+            }
+          ],
+          "selectError": false,
+          "invert": false,
+          "name": "id",
+          "omitBlank": false,
+          "type": "list",
+          "columnName": "id"
+        }
+      ]
+    },
     "columnName": "contributor",
-    "keyColumnName": "id",
-    "separator": "␟"
+    "expression": "grel:row.record.cells[\"contributor\"].value.join(\"␟\")",
+    "onError": "keep-original",
+    "repeat": false,
+    "repeatCount": 10
   },
   {
     "op": "core/column-addition",
@@ -704,11 +782,37 @@
     "index": 0
   },
   {
-    "op": "core/multivalued-cell-join",
-    "description": "Join multi-valued cells in column language",
+    "op": "core/text-transform",
+    "description": "Text transform on cells in column language using expression grel:row.record.cells[\"language\"].value.join(\"␟\")",
+    "engineConfig": {
+      "mode": "row-based",
+      "facets": [
+        {
+          "omitError": false,
+          "expression": "isBlank(value)",
+          "selectBlank": false,
+          "selection": [
+            {
+              "v": {
+                "v": false,
+                "l": "false"
+              }
+            }
+          ],
+          "selectError": false,
+          "invert": false,
+          "name": "id",
+          "omitBlank": false,
+          "type": "list",
+          "columnName": "id"
+        }
+      ]
+    },
     "columnName": "language",
-    "keyColumnName": "id",
-    "separator": "␟"
+    "expression": "grel:row.record.cells[\"language\"].value.join(\"␟\")",
+    "onError": "keep-original",
+    "repeat": false,
+    "repeatCount": 10
   },
   {
     "op": "core/column-addition",
@@ -840,11 +944,37 @@
     "index": 0
   },
   {
-    "op": "core/multivalued-cell-join",
-    "description": "Join multi-valued cells in column publisher",
+    "op": "core/text-transform",
+    "description": "Text transform on cells in column publisher using expression grel:row.record.cells[\"publisher\"].value.join(\"␟\")",
+    "engineConfig": {
+      "mode": "row-based",
+      "facets": [
+        {
+          "omitError": false,
+          "expression": "isBlank(value)",
+          "selectBlank": false,
+          "selection": [
+            {
+              "v": {
+                "v": false,
+                "l": "false"
+              }
+            }
+          ],
+          "selectError": false,
+          "invert": false,
+          "name": "id",
+          "omitBlank": false,
+          "type": "list",
+          "columnName": "id"
+        }
+      ]
+    },
     "columnName": "publisher",
-    "keyColumnName": "id",
-    "separator": "␟"
+    "expression": "grel:row.record.cells[\"publisher\"].value.join(\"␟\")",
+    "onError": "keep-original",
+    "repeat": false,
+    "repeatCount": 10
   },
   {
     "op": "core/column-addition",
@@ -899,11 +1029,37 @@
     "onError": "set-to-blank"
   },
   {
-    "op": "core/multivalued-cell-join",
-    "description": "Join multi-valued cells in column coverage",
+    "op": "core/text-transform",
+    "description": "Text transform on cells in column coverage using expression grel:row.record.cells[\"coverage\"].value.join(\"␟\")",
+    "engineConfig": {
+      "mode": "row-based",
+      "facets": [
+        {
+          "omitError": false,
+          "expression": "isBlank(value)",
+          "selectBlank": false,
+          "selection": [
+            {
+              "v": {
+                "v": false,
+                "l": "false"
+              }
+            }
+          ],
+          "selectError": false,
+          "invert": false,
+          "name": "id",
+          "omitBlank": false,
+          "type": "list",
+          "columnName": "id"
+        }
+      ]
+    },
     "columnName": "coverage",
-    "keyColumnName": "id",
-    "separator": "␟"
+    "expression": "grel:row.record.cells[\"coverage\"].value.join(\"␟\")",
+    "onError": "keep-original",
+    "repeat": false,
+    "repeatCount": 10
   },
   {
     "op": "core/column-addition",
@@ -958,11 +1114,37 @@
     "index": 0
   },
   {
-    "op": "core/multivalued-cell-join",
-    "description": "Join multi-valued cells in column date",
+    "op": "core/text-transform",
+    "description": "Text transform on cells in column date using expression grel:row.record.cells[\"date\"].value.join(\"␟\")",
+    "engineConfig": {
+      "mode": "row-based",
+      "facets": [
+        {
+          "omitError": false,
+          "expression": "isBlank(value)",
+          "selectBlank": false,
+          "selection": [
+            {
+              "v": {
+                "v": false,
+                "l": "false"
+              }
+            }
+          ],
+          "selectError": false,
+          "invert": false,
+          "name": "id",
+          "omitBlank": false,
+          "type": "list",
+          "columnName": "id"
+        }
+      ]
+    },
     "columnName": "date",
-    "keyColumnName": "id",
-    "separator": "␟"
+    "expression": "grel:row.record.cells[\"date\"].value.join(\"␟\")",
+    "onError": "keep-original",
+    "repeat": false,
+    "repeatCount": 10
   },
   {
     "op": "core/column-addition",
@@ -1221,11 +1403,37 @@
     "index": 0
   },
   {
-    "op": "core/multivalued-cell-join",
-    "description": "Join multi-valued cells in column identifier",
+    "op": "core/text-transform",
+    "description": "Text transform on cells in column identifier using expression grel:row.record.cells[\"identifier\"].value.join(\"␟\")",
+    "engineConfig": {
+      "mode": "row-based",
+      "facets": [
+        {
+          "omitError": false,
+          "expression": "isBlank(value)",
+          "selectBlank": false,
+          "selection": [
+            {
+              "v": {
+                "v": false,
+                "l": "false"
+              }
+            }
+          ],
+          "selectError": false,
+          "invert": false,
+          "name": "id",
+          "omitBlank": false,
+          "type": "list",
+          "columnName": "id"
+        }
+      ]
+    },
     "columnName": "identifier",
-    "keyColumnName": "id",
-    "separator": "␟"
+    "expression": "grel:row.record.cells[\"identifier\"].value.join(\"␟\")",
+    "onError": "keep-original",
+    "repeat": false,
+    "repeatCount": 10
   },
   {
     "op": "core/column-addition",
@@ -1280,11 +1488,37 @@
     "index": 0
   },
   {
-    "op": "core/multivalued-cell-join",
-    "description": "Join multi-valued cells in column rights",
+    "op": "core/text-transform",
+    "description": "Text transform on cells in column rights using expression grel:row.record.cells[\"rights\"].value.join(\"␟\")",
+    "engineConfig": {
+      "mode": "row-based",
+      "facets": [
+        {
+          "omitError": false,
+          "expression": "isBlank(value)",
+          "selectBlank": false,
+          "selection": [
+            {
+              "v": {
+                "v": false,
+                "l": "false"
+              }
+            }
+          ],
+          "selectError": false,
+          "invert": false,
+          "name": "id",
+          "omitBlank": false,
+          "type": "list",
+          "columnName": "id"
+        }
+      ]
+    },
     "columnName": "rights",
-    "keyColumnName": "id",
-    "separator": "␟"
+    "expression": "grel:row.record.cells[\"rights\"].value.join(\"␟\")",
+    "onError": "keep-original",
+    "repeat": false,
+    "repeatCount": 10
   },
   {
     "op": "core/column-addition",
@@ -1358,11 +1592,37 @@
     "index": 0
   },
   {
-    "op": "core/multivalued-cell-join",
-    "description": "Join multi-valued cells in column type",
+    "op": "core/text-transform",
+    "description": "Text transform on cells in column type using expression grel:row.record.cells[\"type\"].value.join(\"␟\")",
+    "engineConfig": {
+      "mode": "row-based",
+      "facets": [
+        {
+          "omitError": false,
+          "expression": "isBlank(value)",
+          "selectBlank": false,
+          "selection": [
+            {
+              "v": {
+                "v": false,
+                "l": "false"
+              }
+            }
+          ],
+          "selectError": false,
+          "invert": false,
+          "name": "id",
+          "omitBlank": false,
+          "type": "list",
+          "columnName": "id"
+        }
+      ]
+    },
     "columnName": "type",
-    "keyColumnName": "id",
-    "separator": "␟"
+    "expression": "grel:row.record.cells[\"type\"].value.join(\"␟\")",
+    "onError": "keep-original",
+    "repeat": false,
+    "repeatCount": 10
   },
   {
     "op": "core/text-transform",
@@ -1391,7 +1651,7 @@
         }
       ]
     },
-    "columnName": "type",
+    "columnName": "uniques",
     "expression": "grel:value.split(\"␟\").uniques().join(\"␟\")",
     "onError": "keep-original",
     "repeat": false,
@@ -1545,11 +1805,37 @@
     "onError": "set-to-blank"
   },
   {
-    "op": "core/multivalued-cell-join",
-    "description": "Join multi-valued cells in column description",
+    "op": "core/text-transform",
+    "description": "Text transform on cells in column description using expression grel:row.record.cells[\"description\"].value.join(\"␟\")",
+    "engineConfig": {
+      "mode": "row-based",
+      "facets": [
+        {
+          "omitError": false,
+          "expression": "isBlank(value)",
+          "selectBlank": false,
+          "selection": [
+            {
+              "v": {
+                "v": false,
+                "l": "false"
+              }
+            }
+          ],
+          "selectError": false,
+          "invert": false,
+          "name": "id",
+          "omitBlank": false,
+          "type": "list",
+          "columnName": "id"
+        }
+      ]
+    },
     "columnName": "description",
-    "keyColumnName": "id",
-    "separator": "␟"
+    "expression": "grel:row.record.cells[\"description\"].value.join(\"␟\")",
+    "onError": "keep-original",
+    "repeat": false,
+    "repeatCount": 10
   },
   {
     "op": "core/column-addition",
@@ -1604,11 +1890,37 @@
     "onError": "set-to-blank"
   },
   {
-    "op": "core/multivalued-cell-join",
-    "description": "Join multi-valued cells in column extent",
+    "op": "core/text-transform",
+    "description": "Text transform on cells in column extent using expression grel:row.record.cells[\"extent\"].value.join(\"␟\")",
+    "engineConfig": {
+      "mode": "row-based",
+      "facets": [
+        {
+          "omitError": false,
+          "expression": "isBlank(value)",
+          "selectBlank": false,
+          "selection": [
+            {
+              "v": {
+                "v": false,
+                "l": "false"
+              }
+            }
+          ],
+          "selectError": false,
+          "invert": false,
+          "name": "id",
+          "omitBlank": false,
+          "type": "list",
+          "columnName": "id"
+        }
+      ]
+    },
     "columnName": "extent",
-    "keyColumnName": "id",
-    "separator": "␟"
+    "expression": "grel:row.record.cells[\"extent\"].value.join(\"␟\")",
+    "onError": "keep-original",
+    "repeat": false,
+    "repeatCount": 10
   },
   {
     "op": "core/column-addition",